Prayer (Shalat)

Shalat ( Arabic : صلاة; transliteration: Prayer ), referring to the ritual of worship embraces religion of Islam . According to Islamic law, the practice of prayer must comply with all instructions ordinance figure pengejawantah Prophet Muhammad as God commands. Rasulullah SAW said, Shalatlah you according to what you see I'm practicing.

Etymologists

In the language of prayer comes from the Arabic word meaning, prayer . Prayer itself says in Arabic, derived from the word "tselota" in Aramaic ( Syrian ) is the parent of the language in the Middle East ^{[ citation needed ]} . Meanwhile, according to the term, meaningful prayer series of special worship events or particular starting with takbiratul ihram and ended with greetings .

Law Prayer

In many hadiths, the Prophet Muhammad has given harsh reminder to people who like to leave prayers, among which it is said: "The agreement with them that separates us is prayer. Whoever left the prayer, it means he has disbelieved .

People who leave prayers then on the Day of Resurrection will be paired together with the people curse, based on the following hadith: "He who keep praying that he may be light, evidence and salvation for him on the Day of Resurrection, and whoever does not care then it does not get light, evidence and safety and on the Day of Resurrection he will be with Qarun , Pharaoh , Haman and Ubay bin Khalaf . "

The law of prayer can be categorized as follows:

• Obligatory , obligatory prayer is prayer that is required to do this. Mass prayers again divided into two, namely:
• Obligatory Ain  : is compulsory obligation to mukallaf directly related to itself and can not be omitted or performed by others, such as praying five times a day , and friday prayer (Mass' Ain for men).
• Obligatory kifayah  : is compulsory obligation to mukallaf not directly related to him. The obligation to be there most of the Sunnah after that worked. But when no one was doing it then we must do it and be sinful if not done. As funeral prayers .
• Nafilah ( sunnah prayer ), Nafilah Prayers are prayers or disunnahkan recommended but not required. Prayer nafilah divided into two, namely
• Nafil Muakkad is sunnah prayers organized with a strong emphasis (almost approaching mandatory), such as two Eid prayers, sunnah prayer Witr and the sunnah prayers Circumambulation .
• Nafil ghairu Muakkad is sunnah prayers organized without a strong emphasis, as sunnah hsalat rawatib and sunnah prayers incidental nature (depending on time and circumstances, such as prayer SOLAR / khusuf just worked

Pillars of Prayer

13 Pillars of Prayer:

1. Intention
2. Stand (for the able)
3. Takbiratul ihram
4. Read the letter Al Fatihah in every rak'ah
5. Bow with tuma'ninah
6. Iktidal with tuma'ninah
7. Prostrate twice tuma'ninah
8. Sitting between the two prostrations with tuma'ninah
9. Sitting tasyahud end
10. Read tasyahud end
11. Tasyahud eulogy read at the end of the prophet
12. Read regards the first
13. Orderly (did get along in sequence)

Congregational prayer

Specific prayer organized to do together (congregation). At the congregational prayer is considered the most competent person to be appointed as Imam prayers , and the rest will happen as Makmum .

• Do prayer in congregation, among others:
• Fard prayers
• Tarawih

• Congregational prayer must be done include:
• Friday prayer
• Shalat Hari Raya (Ied)
• Shalat Istisqa '

Prayers in special conditions

In certain circumstances the obligation to perform certain prayers were given waivers. Suppose that when a person is sick and when in travel ( safar ).

When someone in a state hospital until he could not stand it permissible to pray in a sitting position, whereas if he is unable to sit up so he allowed prayers to lie, to lie down when he is unable to perform certain movements he can do it with a gesture.

Whereas when one is on the way, it combines the pleasure ( jama ' ) or summarize ( qashar ) shalatnya. Menjamak prayer means to combine two prayers at one time ie noon to late afternoon or evening to evening prayer . SHORTENING prayer was meant abridging the 4 rak'ah prayer (noon, late afternoon, evening prayer) to 2 cycles.

Prayer in the Qur'an

The following are the verses that talk about prayer in the Qur'an , Islam's holy book.

• Say to My servants who believe that they may establish prayer and spend out of what We have bestowed on them, secretly or openly before the coming of the day (when) that on that day there was no befriending (QS.Ibrahim : 31) 14:31
• Indeed prayer restrains from (deeds) vile (adultery) and unjust. And remembrance of God (prayer) is greater (primacy of other cults) And Allah knows what you do (al-'Ankabut: 45) 29:45
• But after them, substitute (the ugly) who forsake prayers and desires, so they will soon discover the error (Maryam: 59) 19:59
• Truly man was created impatient nature groaning. When he touches it moan-moan, and when it gets good it is very stingy, except the people who prayed that they remain steadfast shalatnya (al-Ma'arij: 19-23) 70:19

History obligatory Prayers

The first prayer is required for the Prophet Muhammad and his followers are praying night, that since sent down Surat al-Muzzammil (73) verses 1-19. After some time later, came the next verse, that verse 20:

Thy Lord doth know that thou standest forth (prayer) is less than two-thirds of the night, or half the night or the third and (so are) a party of those with you. And God set the size of night and day. Allah knows that you will never be able to determine the boundaries of those times, then he gives relief to you, because it's easy to read what (you) of the Qur'an. He knows that there will be those among you who are sick and those who walk on the earth seek of Allah's bounty, and other people who fight for Allah again, then read what is easy (for you) of Holy Quran and establish prayer and pay the zakat and give a loan to Allah a good loan. And whatever good you do for yourself you would have been obtained (return) it replies with Allah as the best and the greatest reward. And ask forgiveness of Allah Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

With the decline in this paragraph, the law became Sunnah Prayer Night. Ibn Abbas, Ikrimah, Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, and other Salaf said concerning this verse 20, "Verily this verse remove liability Evening Prayer God first compulsory for Muslims.

 Source: wikipedia

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